Vibration-induced damage assessment - New practical methods applicable for engineered blasting

Oscillation of ground particles by seismic body waves generated by compressive cracking phase (prior to tensile expansion) in a blast is the main cause of blast-/vibration-induced damage (ViD). Prevention and/or control of ViD in civil/mining projects requires a proper assessment of the damages. Several methods are existed for the-same; however, author in this paper proposed new practical assessment methods and classification for ViD that can be easily adopted in the projects. Ground Conductivity Enhanced Factor (GC_ef ) is proposed based on GCD and Damage Indicator (Di) is developed as a function of Peak Particle Velocity (PPV) based on Excavation Technique Impact (ETi) of I-System. The classification categorises the ViD as an output of assessment into 10 classes based on GC_ef , Di, and/or Half-Cast Factor (HCF). Pull Length (PL) is an important parameter in stability and vibration control in tunnelling. PL Advisor is proposed as a function of (I) and tunnel’s dimension to provide a reasonable advice for PL and Drilling Length (DL).