Inter-SSR and SSR Based Molecular Profiling of Basmati and Non-Basmati Indica Rice

The study was aimed to develop the molecular marker based safeguards tor Indian rice and to protect the consignment for export from adulteration in order to maintain credibility In the global market. Forty four varieties of rice collected from different agro-ecological zones were used for molecular profiling in the present study. Twelve genotypes of basmati rice including traditional varieties and evolved varieties used here were originated in areas of Northern India close to Himalayas designated under geographical indication for basmati rice. Other varieties were of Central India and five varieties of Sir Lanka origin. The molecular profiling of basmati and non-basmati Indica rice varieties was made by using the Inter-SSR-PCR and SSR-PCR assays. The amplication products were analyzed using gel electrophoresis. The distance matrix and cluster analysis was made following UPGMA method. All the varieties were clustered in two major group belonging to irrigated agro eco-system and aerobic agro eco-system. Twelve basmati varieties including traditional and evolved varieties were grouped generally in four clusters. Twenty-two varieties of aerobic rice were clustered in to a single major cluster. Vallabh Basmati-21 and MAUB-57 of basmati were clustered consistently in a separate group. Based on our molecular analysis, it was concluded that most of the basmati varieties used herein descended from a common land race. The quality and adaptation reactions greatly influenced the clustering of these varieties. However, the clustering within agro ecosystem remained independent of their geographical origin.