Assessment of genetic diversity in Indian wheat cultivar’s (Triticum aestivum L.) by using SSR Markers

The objective of this study was to evaluate the genetic diversity of 10 wheat cultivars by Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR) or microsatellite markers. Various types of molecular markers have been used to characterize wheat cultivars but SSR is the most valuable marker to study the genetic diversity of wheat germplasm. The genomic DNA of 10 wheat genotypes were amplified with 10 SSR primers that produced 28 amplified band, out of which 20 band were polymorphic(71.42%). The number of amplified fragment per primer ranged from 1to 4. The PIC value for 10 primers varied from 0.10 (BARC 10) to 0.82(BARC 3). Lower PIC value may be the result of closely related genotypes and higher PIC values might be the result of diverse genotypes. Analyses of clustering of wheat germplasm were based on UPGMA method. The dendrogram constructed from the pooled data revealed 6 distinct clusters in which two were solitary. In fifth cluster highest genetic similarity (0.92) was found between NW-1014 and K-7903, while lowest genetic similarity (0.80) was found between HUW-213 and AKDW-2997. The diversity ranged from 5 to 23 percent. The study demonstrated that the presence of high genetic diversity among wheat cultivars, which can be used for the developing core collection of wheat germplasm for breeding purpose.