Analysis of Pest Detection in Cropping Systems of Indo Gangetic Plains Through Remote Sensing and GIS

The major cropping systems are rice-wheat, rice-mustard-rice, cotton-wheat, pearl millet-wheat, rice-sugarcane and maize-wheat in Indo-Gangetic plains of India. The Indo-Gangetic plain regions are divided in four parts viz., Trans Gangetic Plain, Upper Gangetic Plain, Middle Gangetic Plain and Lower Gangetic Plain. The crops are rice, wheat, maize, cotton, sugarcane and pearl millet. These crops are grown in large areas of IGP in rabi and kharif seasons. The cropping systems are largely affected due to pests. The major pests viz., aphid, stem fly, thrips, shoot fly (Atherigona soccata), pod borer, moth and ball worms are affecting seasonal crops. The insect affected crops and normal crops give different tonal variation in imageries. The LISS III and LISS IV imageries are very helpful for detection of affected area. The affected areas are identified with the help of GPS (LEICA Differential GPS). After image analysis it was found the greater variability in tonal variation on the imagery. Normal crops give red, bright red and dark red with smooth texture but pest affected areas give pink, yellow and yellow pinkish red colour with irregular shape and rough texture. Remote sensing technology helps to season wise analysis of pest in affected area and helps to control through crop rotation, if possible and through chemically.