Optimum allocation of surface and ground water resources of appapuram channel command in Krishna Western Delta

The sustainability of water resources is a critical issue against the backdrop of rising water demand for agricultural, industrial, and domestic uses. The issue has become more challenging in the light of shrinking water resources due to urbanization, contamination, and climate change impacts. The LINGO 10.0, optimization package was used to evolve an optimal allocation plan of surface and ground water for irrigation of multiple crops. The proposed model was applied for Appapuram Channel command with 9 branches in Krishna Western Delta of Andhra Pradesh state on the ground water salinity basis. For branches 1, 2, 8 and 9, only surface water can be used and the areas under different crops were allocated by the model to maximize the profit. In Branches 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7, the model suggested maximum benefits in using additional ground water (10% and 20%) along with 100% canal water.