Climate Change and Insect Pollination: A Review of Consequences for Pollination Services and Food Security

Global climate change is one of the major drivers of insect pollinator decline in India and around the world, threatening food security. Although several studies have addressed the impact of climate change on insect pollinators, recent disturbances in pollinator population dynamics due to extreme weather events, phenological mismatches, and shifts in species distribution necessitate an updated and region-specific analysis. In the present study, we consolidated recent findings (2018-2024) with special reference to India to identify research gaps and propose actionable strategies for the conservation of pollinators. In the earlier study, emphases have been given to global impacts considering selective pollinator groups. The present review integrates current data on crop pollinator interactions, and Indian climatic vulnerabilities including mitigation models developed recently. Key objectives include assessment of ecological and agricultural implications of pollinator loss, evaluation of climatic threats specific to India with summarization of adaptive response at species levels. There is a pressing need for restructured analysis considering the risks faced by the Indian agricultural system. The present review aims to give a clear message to ecologists, entomologists as well as policymakers, about the importance of the conservation of insect pollinators contributing towards sustainable agriculture and climate resilience.