Diversity and Ecology of Coleoptera in Guelmim - Oued Noun Region, Southern Morocco

This study presents a comprehensive inventory and analysis of beetle biodiversity in four zones of the Guelmim - Oued Noun region: Assa-Zag, Guelmim, Tan-Tan, and Sidi Ifni. In each area, sampling techniques including pitfall traps, beating, and direct observation were used, allowing for the identification of 316 individuals, representing 84 species across 11 families: Cicindelidae, Carabidae, Cetoniidae, Staphylinidae, Dynastidae, Malachiidae, Scarabaeidae, Buprestidae, Coccinellidae, Tenebrionidae, and Anthicidae. Among these, the Tenebrionidae family emerged as the most dominant, displaying both high species richness and abundance, and proving to be well-adapted to the region’s climatic conditions. Hierarchical classification revealed faunal similarities among sites, leading to the identification of five main ecological assemblages. Climatic factors significantly influenced species distribution and abundance, emphasizing their role in structuring beetle communities. Understanding these ecological patterns is essential for developing effective conservation strategies. However, further investigations are necessary to identify additional environmental and anthropogenic factors affecting beetle diversity in this arid ecosystem.