Hypolipidemic and cardioprotective efficacy of Peltophorum pterocarpum linn in doxorubicin induced cardiotoxicity in rats

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) refers to a common group of illnesses affecting the heart and blood arteries. It encompasses heart valve problems, atherosclerosis, angina, cardiomyopathy, coronary artery disease (CAD), and infections of the heart which are considered the main causes of death. Modern medications have some success but they typically come with unfavorable side effects. Researchers are paying attention to herbal remedies because of their limited or no negative effects. This study was conducted to find out the hypolipidemic and cardioprotective potential of the ethanolic extract of Peltophorum pterocarpum (P. pterocarpum) Linn leaves in doxorubicin-induced cardiac damage in rats.

The ethanolic extract of P. pterocarpum leaves was subjected to compound identification by GC-MS analysis. For in vivo analyses, the rats were divided into six groups. Cardiac damage was induced by doxorubicin at a dosage of 1.5 ml/kg b.wt. various dosages of extract (200 and 300 mg/kg b.wt.) were injected and propranolol (25 mg/kg b.wt.) is used as a standard drug. After the treatment of the extract, biochemical parameters were evaluated followed by in silico analysis.

The levels of cardiac marker and lysosomal enzymes significantly increased in toxin-treated rats, and the mitochondrial enzyme levels were significantly reduced. After treatment with P. pterocarpum leaf extract, the levels significantly (P<0.05) returned to normal. These results may prove the cardiac protective effect of the ethanolic extract of P. pterocarpum leaves in DOX-induced cardiotoxicity rats.