A Rising Emerge of Electrospun Nanofibers: Wound Healing, Preparation, Applications and Challenges

Electrospun nanofibers are gaining prominence in the field of wound healing due to their unique structural and functional properties, which closely mimic the extracellular matrix (ECM). This article provides a comprehensive overview of the preparation methods, applications, and challenges associated with electrospun nanofibers in wound care. The review begins by outlining the complex stages of wound healing and emphasizing the need for advanced materials. It details method of preparation of nanofibers from diverse natural and synthetic polymers, enhancing their biocompatibility and mechanical strength. The article highlights recent advancements in the incorporation of bioactive agents, such as antimicrobial compounds and growth factors, into electrospun scaffolds to promote healing. These multifunctional dressings not only facilitate moisture retention but also enable localized drug delivery, thereby reducing systemic side effects. Despite their potential, challenges remain in standardizing production processes and ensuring scalability for clinical applications. The review concludes by discussing future directions for research, focusing on optimizing electrospun nanofibers for specific wound types and improving their therapeutic efficacy. Overall, electrospun nanofibers represent a promising frontier in wound healing technology, with the potential to significantly enhance patient outcomes.